Meritocracia: uma ideologia em prol do Neoliberalismo / Meritocracy: an ideology in favor of Neoliberalism / Meritocracia: una ideología a favor del neoliberalismo

Este artigo visa mostrar como a meritocracia é uma ideologia que se imbrica no sistema capitalista neoliberal e promove a manutenção do status quo. Busca-se desnaturalizar a lógica meritocrática que se apresenta como inerente ao funcionamento social. Ela é mascarada pela aparência de ser a única proposta adequada para categorizar os sujeitos em seus devidos lugares, em uma sociedade de classes. A complexidade desse fenômeno, que se apresenta em um discurso lacunar, permite que sejam analisadas as brechas em que o próprio discurso meritocrático falha. Neste artigo, nos debruçaremos sobre tais lacunas, e verificaremos como essa ideologia, fundamentada pela lógica liberal, promove a legitimação das disparidades sociais. Para fazer essa análise, é necessário se esquivar da lógica individual, e verificar como, coletivamente, são produzidas e se mantidas superestruturas sociais que configuram as dimensões subjetivas da realidade. Não se propõe, portanto, um olhar ingênuo às estruturas sociais como "algo dado", e sim construído pelos agentes sociais que estão atravessados pela ideologia vigente (AU).

This paper aims to show how meritocracy is an ideology that is built-in the neoliberal capitalism and how it maintains the status quo. It seeks to denaturalize the meritocratic logic that presents itself as inherent to social functioning. Meritocracy is masked by the appearance of being the only appropriate proposal to categorize people to their standing in a class society. The complexity of this phenomenon, which is presented in a lacking discourse, allows one to analyze the gaps in which the meritocratic discourse itself fails. We intend to inspect such gaps, and see how this ideology, based on the liberal logic, promotes the legitimation of social disparities. In order to carry out this analysis, it is necessary to avoid the individualistic logic, and also to verify how social superstructures that compose the subjective dimensions of reality are produced and maintained collectively. Therefore, we do not propose a naive portrait of social structures as straightforward, but forged by the social agents who are mingled with the prevailing ideology (AU).

Este artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar cómo la meritocracia es una ideología que se inserta en el sistema capitalista neoliberal y promueve el mantenimiento del status quo. Buscamos desnaturalizar la lógica meritocrática que se presenta como inherente al funcionamiento social. Está enmascarado por la apariencia de ser la única propuesta adecuada para categorizar los asuntos en su lugar apropiado, en una sociedad de clases. La complejidad de este fenómeno, que se presenta en un discurso lacunar, permite analizar los vacíos en los que falla el propio discurso meritocrático. En este artículo examinaremos estas brechas y veremos cómo esta ideología, basada en la lógica liberal, promueve la legitimación de las disparidades sociales. Para realizar este análisis es necesario evitar la lógica individual y verificar cómo las superestructuras sociales que configuran las dimensiones subjetivas de la realidad se producen y mantienen colectivamente. Por tanto, no proponemos una mirada ingenua a las estructuras sociales como determinado, sino construidas por agentes sociales atravesados por la ideología imperante (AU).

Liderança no exercício docente no ensino superior: um olhar psicodinâmico / Leadership in teaching in higher education: a psychodynamic perspective / Liderazgo en la enseñanza en la educación superior: una perspectiva psicodinámica

O trabalho docente representa um campo fundamental na sociedade, dada sua importância na formação de futuros profissionais e, especialmente, cidadãos. Dessa forma, a intenção do presente artigo consiste em levantar as questões oriundas do exercício de liderança na atribuição docente e refletir acerca desta liderança no Ensino Superior no que tange à sua importância para o processo formativo, bem como a inspiração que esse ofício pode proporcionar aos educandos, partindo da ideia de que a docência é um exercício de liderança. A proposta metodológica com que analisamos tal exercício, consiste na perspectiva qualitativa de caráter descritivo-analítico. Dois professores foram entrevistados por meio de um roteiro semi-dirigido com vistas a levantar e compreender as experimentações oriundas de suas trajetórias de vida que culminaram no trabalho docente que atualmente exercem. Como fundamentação teórica e metodológica de análise, utilizou-se a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, por seu olhar quanto aos modos de ser dos sujeitos provocados pelo encontro com o trabalho e as exigências pertinentes aos processos deste. Como resultado, a amostra revelou significativa concordância com os aspectos de liderança na prática docente que exercem, embora reiterassem que existem consideráveis dificuldades nesse ofício. Essa clareza requer uma mobilização por parte dos professores líderes que por vezes se sentem sobrecarregados e redescobrindo meios de não adoecerem. Tais resultados têm potência para que novos estudos sejam elaborados no sentido de ampliar a discussão e contribuir para ações docentes, mas, sobretudo, humanas, melhores e mais afetivas.(AU)

Teaching work represents a fundamental field in society, given its importance in the training of future professionals and, especially, citizens. In this way, the intention of this article is to raise the matters arising from the exercise of leadership in teaching assignments and to reflect on this leadership in Higher Education in terms of its importance for the training process, as well as the inspiration that this craft can provide to students, based on the idea that teaching is an exercise in leadership. The methodological proposal with which we analyze this exercise consists of a qualitative perspective of a descriptive-analytical nature. Two teachers were interviewed through a semi-guided script which intended to raise and understand the experiences arising from their life trajectories that culminated in the teaching work they currently perform. As a theoretical and methodological basis for the analysis, the Psychodynamics of Work was used, due to its view on the subjects' ways of being, provoked by the encounter with work and the demands pertinent to its processes. As a result, the sample revealed significant agreement with the aspects of leadership in their teaching practice, although they reiterated that there are considerable difficulties in this job. This clarity requires mobi-lization on the part of leading teachers who sometimes feel overwhelmed and rediscover ways not to get sick. Such results have the power for new studies to be developed in order to broaden the discussion and contribute to teaching actions, but, above all, human, better and more affective actions. (AU)

El trabajo docente representa un campo fundamental en la sociedad, dada su importancia en la formación de los futuros profesionales y, en especial, de los ciudadanos. De esta forma, la intención de este artículo es plantear las cues-tiones derivadas del ejercicio del liderazgo en la tarea docente y reflexionar sobre este liderazgo en la Educación Superior en cuanto a su importancia para el proceso formativo, así como la inspiración que este oficio puede brindar a los estudiantes, partiendo de la idea de que enseñar es un ejercicio de liderazgo. La propuesta metodológica con la que analizamos este ejercicio consiste en una perspectiva cualitativa de carácter descriptivo-analítico. Se entrevistó a dos docentes a través de un guion semidirigido con miras a plantear y comprender las experiencias surgidas de sus trayectorias de vida que culminaron en la labor docente que desempeñan actualmente. Como base teórica y metodológica para el análisis, se utilizó la Psicodinámica del Trabajo, por su mirada sobre las formas de los sujetos de ser provocados por el encuentro con el trabajo y las exigencias propias de sus procesos. Como resultado, la muestra reveló un acuerdo significativo con los aspectos de liderazgo en su práctica docente, aunque reiteraron que existen dificultades considerables en este trabajo. Esta claridad requiere movilización por parte de los docentes líderes que a veces se sienten abrumados y redescubriendo formas de no enfermarse. Tales resul-tados tienen el poder de que se desarrollen nuevos estudios para ampliar la discusión y contribuir a la acción docente, pero, principalmente, a la acción humana, mejor y más afectiva. (AU)

US and Chinese preschoolers normalize household labor inequality.

Across many cultural contexts, the majority of women conduct the majority of their household labor. This gendered distribution of labor is often unequal, and thus represents one of the most frequently experienced forms of daily inequality because it occurs within one's own home. Young children are often passive observers of their family's distribution of labor, and yet little is known about the developmental onset of their perceptions of it. By the preschool age, children also show strong normative feelings about both equal resource distribution and gender stereotypes. To investigate the developmental onset of children's recognition of the (in)equality of household labor, we interviewed 3 to 10-y-old children in two distinct cultural contexts (US and China) and surveyed their caregivers about who does more household labor across a variety of tasks. Even at the youngest ages and in both cultural contexts, children's reports largely matched their parents', with both populations reporting that mothers do the majority of household labor. Both children and parents judged this to be generally fair, suggesting that children are observant of the gendered distribution of labor within their households, and show normalization of inequality from a young age. Our results point to preschool age as a critical developmental time period during which it is important to have parent-child discussions about structural constraints surrounding gender norms and household labor.

Identifying the critical physically demanding tasks performed by personal support workers in Canada.

Due to increased work demands, personal support workers (PSWs) are experiencing more work-related injuries. However, little is known about PSW work tasks and their corresponding physical demand. The purpose of this study was to identify critical tasks that are physically demanding and completed frequently as identified by PSWs. Additionally, we identified contextual factors (i.e., environmental-, situational-, patient-related) that influenced physical demands. We surveyed 443 community-based PSWs working in Canada who rated the physical demand associated with client care tasks and identified contextual factors that can increase task specific physical demands. Transferring/repositioning patients, dressing, and bathing were perceived as most demanding. Patient weight and mobility influenced the level of physical demand required for most tasks. These data provide a foundation to develop physical employment standards and task specific education and training to prevent PSW injuries.

Well-being at work scale (WBWS): Gathering empirical evidence from different interpretation strategies / Escala de bienestar en el trabajo (EBET): compilación de evidencia empírica de diferentes estrategias de interpretación

Well-being at work scale (WBWS) is a measure widely used in Brazil, composed of three dimen-sions (positive affects, negative affects and expressiveness/fulfillment) aligned with the field’s recent movement of junction of the two classical theoretical bases(hedonic and eudaimonic) that explain this phenomenon. Based on a cross-sectional survey involving 360 Brazilian work-ers, this study aimed to compare different models of interpreting the WBWS (including three one-dimensional proposals -composed by a single factor or second-order factor for WBW as-sessment -and one multidimensional proposal -composed by the three WBW factors singly). Each model was tested through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes, and then correla-tion analyzes between the models were run to allow their comparison. We concluded that the interpretation of WBWS from a single indicator is viable and more theoretically appropriate when it is intended to have a more integrated view about well-being at work. (AU)

La Escala de Bienestar en el Trabajo (EBET) es una medida ampliamente utilizada en Brasil, compuesta por tres dimensiones (afecto positivo, afecto negativo y expresividad/realización) alineadas con el movimiento reciente del campo de unión de las dos bases teóricas clásicas (hedónica y eudaimónica) que explican este fenómeno. Basado en una encuesta transversal que involucró a 360 trabajadores brasileños, este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar diferentes modelos de interpretación de la EBET (incluidas tres propuestas unidimensionales, compuestas por un factor único o factor de segundo orden para la evaluación del BET; y una propuesta multidimensional compuesta por los tres factores BET individualmente). Cada modelo se probó a través de análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios, y luego se realizaron análisis de correlación entre los modelos para permitir su comparación. Concluimos que la interpretación de la EBET a partir de un solo indicador es viable y teóricamente más adecuada cuando se pre-tende tener una visión más integrada sobre el bienestar en el trabajo. (AU)

Perceived stress among Hispanic young adults: Impact of the coping with work and family stress program.

Objective: To examine the effect of an evidence-based curriculum on stress perceptions across time. Participants: Hispanic college students from a Hispanic-serving institution in a U.S. southern border city. Methods: A permuted block design with repeated measures was used. Participants were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. The treatment group received the Coping with Work and Family Stress (CWFS) evidence-based curriculum while the control group did not receive any programming. Data were collected from both the groups at baseline, exit, and at 3-month follow-up. Results: Stress reduction was observed among program participants however an unintended negative consequence of the intervention was found among those who experience intimate partner violence. Conclusion: The CWFS evidence-based intervention may be appropriate to use in reducing general types of stress but perhaps not stress resulting from intimate partner violence.

Por que querer (re)descobrir a psicologia do trabalho no Brasil? / Why do we want to (re)discover work psychology in Brazil?

A história da psicologia do trabalho é plural. Tudo o que se herdou foi sendo objeto de muita controvérsia no âmbito de análises que vieram permitir um melhor esclarecimento de questões deixadas em aberto, consideradas residuais ou até completamente ignoradas. Os posicionamentos críticos deram novo alento aos projetos de renovação da abordagem da experiência humana quando investida na atividade de trabalho. Na academia brasileira, vários contributos o demonstram

The history of work psychology is plural. All that has been inherited has been subject to much controversy within the scope of analyses that have allowed a better clarification of questions left open, considered as residual or even completely ignored. Critical positions have given new vigour to the projects of renovation in the approach to human experience when invested in the activity of work. In Brazilian academia, several contributions demonstrate this.

Psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Rigid and Flexible Persistence Scale in a Brazilian professional sample

Abstract Persistence involves the intention to maintain efforts when faced with obstacles and challenges, in order to achieve a specific goal. The Rigid and Flexible Persistence Scale (RFPS) is a self-report measure that assesses persistence that is theoretically derived from the premises of the Dualistic Model of Passion. The aim of the present research was to adapt the RFPS to Brazilian Portuguese and to estimate its evidence of validity and reliability in the context of work. Participants were 400 professionals, 55.8% women, aged between 18 and 68 years. The results indicate that the RFPS presented validity evidence based on the content. Corresponding to the theoretical expectations, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated adequacy of the structure composed of two factors, explaining 75% of the data variance, with good levels of reliability. The RFPS also revealed strong invariance across gender and work conditions (in-person vs remote). Flexible persistence showed positive association with harmonious passion and occupational self-efficacy. Conversely, rigid persistence showed positive association with obsessive passion. It was observed a mediational role of occupational self-efficacy in the relationship between harmonious passion and flexible persistence. Overall, the findings suggest that the RFPS is an adequate measure of persistence in a Brazilian occupational sample.

Experiências de precarização do trabalho na América Latina: migração e empreendedorismo como apostas para o futuro / Experiences of precarious work in Latin America: migration and entrepreneurship as bets for the future

A análise do trabalho convoca à ampliação de referências epistemológicas e metodológicas para produzir transformações a partir de suas distintas realidades e dimensões. Nesse sentido, as abordagens das Clínicas do Trabalho se mostram como um caminho para compreender as relações entre subjetividade e trabalho, considerando suas condições concretas. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir, com base nas Clínicas do Trabalho, a relação entre processos de trabalho precarizado e a subjetividade de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras, em dois contextos laborais e territoriais distintos. Assim, parte-se de duas pesquisas para pensar esta mobilização. Na primeira, foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com haitianos(as) que residiam em Contagem/MG, a fim de compreendermos as dimensões psicossociais da migração para migrantes haitianos a partir das categorias território e trabalho. A segunda pesquisa buscou compreender as trajetórias empreendedoras no Uruguai e na Argentina a partir de um estudo sobre empreendedorismo nos dois países, que incluiu entrevistas biográficas com 18 empreendedores. Tais experiências possuem em comum a presença do desemprego nas trajetórias laborais de trabalhadoras e trabalhadores entrevistados(as) e uma característica básica do precariado: a ausência de um projeto de futuro que possibilite a construção de existências emancipatórias, o que pode ser fonte de sofrimento psíquico

Analyzing work requires expanding epistemological and methodological references to produce transformations based on its distinct realities and dimensions. Thus, the approaches of Labor Clinics can understand the relations between subjectivity and work by considering their concrete conditions. This study aimed to discuss the relations between precarious work processes and the subjectivity of workers in two distinct labor and territorial contexts, based on Work Clinics. Thus, two research studies are used to think about this mobilization. In the first, in-depth interviews were conducted with Haitian men and women who live in Contagem/MG to understand the psychosocial dimensions of migration for Haitian migrants based on categories of territory and work. The second research sought to understand entrepreneurial trajectories in Uruguay and Argentina from a study on entrepreneurship in both countries, which included biographical interviews with 18 entrepreneurs. These experiences share the presence of unemployment in the labor trajectories of the interviewed workers and a basic characteristic of the precariat: the absence of a future project that enables the construction of emancipatory existences, which can cause psychological suffering

Divisão sexual do trabalho no contexto da Polícia Militar: uma análise no campo da psicodinâmica do trabalho / Sexual division of labor in the context of the Military Police: an analysis in the field of work psychodynamics / División sexual del trabajo en el contexto de la Policía Militar: un análisis en el campo de la psicodinámica del trabajo

Este artigo é uma pesquisa teórica que visa a identificar aspectos da divisão sexual do trabalho na inserção de mulheres à Polícia Militar brasileira, articulando-os ao campo teórico da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho. Para isso, nos pautamos em produções acerca da inserção e do cotidiano de mulheres na Polícia Militar. Compreendemos que a forma com que as mulheres policiais dão sentido as suas experiências laborais podem estar atravessadas por uma ideia de exaltação da virilidade, além de outros atributos que são tidos socialmente como masculinos, visto que as instituições militares brasileiras, historicamente, são compostas por um grande valor social, atrelado a uma concepção de bravura, virilidade, força física, heroísmo, entre outras; características que foram associadas à masculinidade e, contemporaneamente, ainda perpassam nosso meio social. Ressaltamos que as experiências no trabalho estão intima-mente relacionadas à produção de subjetividade, consequentemente, às formas com que os trabalhadores e trabalhadoras se reconhecem enquanto sujeitos em determinado contexto socio-histórico. (AU)

This article is a theoretical study that aims to identify aspects of the sexual division of labor in the incorporation of women into the Brazilian Military Police, linking them to the theoretical field of Work Psychodynamics. To do so, we rely on research on the insertion and daily experiences of women in the Military Police. We understand that the way in which women in the police interpret their work experiences may be shaped by an ideal of exalting virility, as well as other attributes that are socially seen as masculine. This is because Brazilian military institutions, historically, have been associated with values, such as bravery, virility, physical strength, heroism, among others, characteristics that are traditionally associated with masculinity and that continue to influence our social environment. We emphasize that work experiences are closely related to the production of subjectivity, and therefore to the way in which male and female workers recognize themselves as subjects in a particular socio-historical context. (AU)

Este artículo es una investigación teórica que tiene como objetivo identificar aspectos de la división sexual del trabajo en la inserción de las mujeres en la Policía Militar Brasileña, vinculándolas al campo teórico de la Psicodinámica del Trabajo. Para ello, nos guiamos por producciones sobre la inserción y la vida cotidiana de las mujeres en la Policía Militar. Entendemos que la forma en que las mujeres policías dan sentido a sus experiencias laborales puede estar atravesada por una idea de exaltación de la virilidad, además de otros atributos que se consideran socialmente masculinos, ya que las instituciones militares brasileñas, históricamente, están compuestas por una gran valor social, ligado a una concepción de valentía, virilidad, fuerza física, heroísmo, entre otras; características que estaban asociadas con la masculinidad y, al mismo tiempo, aún impregnan nuestro entorno social. Destacamos que las experiencias laborales están estrechamente relacionadas con la producción de subjetividad, en consecuencia, con las formas en que los trabajadores se reconocen a sí mismos como sujetos en un contexto socio-histórico determinado. (AU)

Validación de la escala de factores psicosociales en el teletrabajo en trabajadores latinoamericanos / Validation of the scale of psychosocial factors in teleworking in Latin American workers

escala para medir Factores Psicosociales en el Teletrabajo propuesta por Pando, Freire y Flores (2020). La muestra se conformó por 141 trabajadores latinoamericanos, los cuales fueron seleccionados a través de un procedimiento de muestreo no probabilístico de tipo intencional. Esta investigación fue de tipo no experimental, con un diseño transversal. Resultados: se evaluó la validez de contenido de la escala, al consultar a tres expertos en el área de los factores psicosociales laborales, lo que permitió demostrar que este instrumento presume de dicha propiedad. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis cuantitativo de los ítems a través del empleo del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio, lo que resultó en la eliminación de ítems que no contribuían con el proceso de medición de las variables. Luego, se examinó la validez de constructo por medio del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio;esta técnica permitió confirmar una estructura factorial de ocho factores, por lo que el instrumento presume de validez de constructo. Asimismo, con el alfa ordinal se estimó la confiabilidad de las medidas de la escala. Tras la aplicación de este coeficiente, se obtuvieron valores superiores o iguales a .69 en todas las dimensiones, lo que dio a conocer que el instrumento arroja puntajes confiables. Por último, se computaron puntuaciones normativas, específicamente puntajes Z y T para las dimensiones del cuestionario. En conclusión, el cuestionario resultante a partir de esta investigación es un instrumento estandarizado, del cual se obtienen medidas válidas y confiables(AU)

This research aimed to validate a scale to measure Psychosocial Factors in Telework of Pando, Freire and Flores (2020). The sample consisted of 141 Latin American workers, who were selected through a non-probabilistic sampling procedure of the intentional type. This research was nonexperimental, with a cross-sectional design. Results: the content validity of the scale was evaluated, which consisted of consulting three experts in the area of psychosocial factors at work, which made it possible to demonstrate that this instrument presumes this property. Subsequently, a quantitative analysis of the items was carried out through the use of Exploratory Factor Analysis, which resulted in the elimination of items that didn't contribute to the process of measuring the variables. Then, construct validity was examined by Confirmatory Factor Analysis technique; which allowed confirm a factorial structure of eight factors, so that the instrument presumes construct validity. Likewise, the reliability of the scale measures was estimated with the ordinal alpha. After the application of this coefficient, values greater than or equal to .69 were obtained in all dimensions, which showed that the instrument yields reliable scores. Finally, normative scores were computed, specifically Z and T scores for the dimensions of the questionnaire. In conclusion, this questionnaire is a standardized instrument, from which valid and reliable measures are obtained(AU)

Análises das invariâncias e normas para Escala de Conflito Trabalho-Família no Brasil / Analysis of invariance and norms for the Work-Family Conflict Scale in the Brazilian context / Análisis de invariancia y normas para la escala de conflictos trabajo-familia en el contexto brasileño

Conflito trabalho-família é um fenômeno de relevância para a psicologia, uma vez que diz respeito à impossibilidade de conciliar demandas advindas desses dois domínios. Há evidências sobre impactos em domínios da vida dos indivíduos, famílias e organizações. O presente estudo traz evidências adicionais de validade da Escala de Conflito Trabalho-família para o contexto brasileiro, a partir de análises de invariância por sexo e região do país. São apresentadas normas específicas por sexo e região. Participaram da pesquisa 1787 pessoas de três regiões do território brasileiro (sul, sudeste e nordeste). Dentre os participantes, 934 identificaram-se como do sexo feminino (52,3%). Os resultados evidenciaram que o modelo teórico que sustenta a medida não teve ajuste psicométrico favorável em todos os contextos avaliados. Uma versão reduzida com seis itens do instrumento, juntamente com testes de invariância configural, escalar e métrica, tanto por sexo, quanto por região de origem do participante é apresentada. (AU)

Work-family conflict is a phenomenon of relevance to psychology since it concerns the impossibility of reconciling the demands arising from these two domains. Furthermore, there is evidence of impacts in domains for individuals, families, and organizations. The present study provides additional evidence of the validity of the Work-Family Conflict Scale for the Brazilian context, based on analyses of invariance by sex and region of the country, as well as specific norms by sex and region. Participants were 1787 people from three regions of the Brazilian territory (south, southeast, and northeast). Among the participants, 934 identified as female (52.3%). The results showed that the theoretical model that supports the measure did not have a favorable psychometric adjustment in all contexts evaluated. A shorter version with six items of the instrument, along with configural, scalar, and metric invariance tests, both by sex and by the participant's region of origin, is presented. (AU)

El conflicto trabajo-familia es un fenómeno relevante para la psicología, ya que se refiere a la imposibilidad de conciliar las demandas que surgen de estos dos dominios. Hay evidencia de impactos en los dominios para individuos, familias y organizaciones. El presente estudio proporciona evidencias adicionales de la validez de la Escala de Conflicto Trabajo-Familia para el contexto brasileño, a partir de análisis de invarianza por sexo y región del país. Se presentan normas específicas por sexo y región. Participaron de la investigación un total de 1787 personas de tres regiones del territorio brasileño (Sur, Sudeste y Nordeste). Entre los participantes, 934 se identificaron como mujeres (52,3%). Los resultados mostraron que el modelo teórico que respalda la medida no tuvo un ajuste psicométrico favorable en todos los contextos evaluados. Se presenta una versión reducida con seis ítems del instrumento, junto con pruebas de invarianza configuracional, escalar y métrica, tanto por género como por región de origen del participante. (AU)

Effect of Fatigue on Health-Related Quality of Life and Work Productivity in Psoriatic Arthritis: Findings From a Real-World Survey.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate fatigue frequency and severity among patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and assess the effect of fatigue severity on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) assessing quality of life, function, and work productivity. METHODS: Data were derived from the Adelphi Disease Specific Programme, a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018 in the United States and Europe. Patients had physician-confirmed PsA. Fatigue was collected as a binary variable and through its severity (0-10 scale, using the 12-item Psoriatic Arthritis Impact of Disease fatigue question) from patients; physicians also reported patient fatigue (yes/no). Other PROMs included the 5-level EuroQol 5-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) for health-related quality of life (HRQOL), Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index, and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the association between fatigue severity and other PROMs. RESULTS: Among the 831 included patients (mean age 47.5 yrs, mean disease duration 5.3 yrs, 46.9% female, 48.1% receiving a biologic), fatigue was reported by 78.3% of patients. Patients with greater fatigue severity had greater disease duration, PsA severity, pain levels, body surface area affected by psoriasis, and swollen and tender joint counts (all P < 0.05). In multivariate analyses, patients with greater fatigue severity experienced worse physical functioning, HRQOL, and work productivity (all P < 0.001). Presence of fatigue was underreported by physicians (reported in only 32% of patients who self-reported fatigue). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of patient-reported fatigue was high among patients with PsA and underrecognized by physicians. Fatigue severity was associated with altered physical functioning, work productivity, and HRQOL.

Emotional intelligence, intelligence and social skills in different areas of work and leadership / Inteligência emocional, inteligência e habilidades sociais em diferentes áreas de trabalho e liderança / Inteligencia emocional, inteligencia y habilidades sociales en diferentes áreas de trabajo y liderazgo

The organizational environment has an ever-increasing need for psychological constructs such as Emotional Intelligence (EI), Social Skills (SS) and Intelligence (G), despite the lack of empirical scientific research on those variables with regard to the working environment, specially EI and SS. Thus, the goal of the present study was to measure such variables presented by professionals in different areas and leadership roles in the organizational context. There were 120 participants, from four major areas in the organization, both leaders and non-leaders. The main results showed no significant difference in EI between the different areas, lower EI scores for leaders when compared to those being led and no difference in G and in SS general score between leaders and non-leaders. This contributes to reflections on the conduction of current selection processes and promotion criteria in organizations. (AU)

Os construtos psicológicos de Inteligência Emocional (IE), Habilidades Sociais (HS) e Inteligência (G) são cada vez mais demandados no ambiente organizacional, no entanto há escassez de pesquisas científicas empíricas sobre essas variáveis no contexto do trabalho, principalmente sobre IE e HS. Com isso, o presente estudo teve por objetivo verificar o nível de tais variáveis em profissionais de diferentes áreas e em cargos de liderança, que trabalham no contexto organizacional. Participaram desta pesquisa 120 pessoas de quatro grandes áreas de trabalho, incluindo líderes e não líderes. Os principais resultados indicaram não haver diferença entre as áreas para IE, os líderes apresentaram menores escores de IE do que os liderados, não há diferença entre líderes e não líderes para G e para o escore geral (EG) das SS. A partir dos resultados se discutiu a forma como os processos seletivos atualmente são realizados e quais os critérios de promoção nas organizações. (AU)

Los constructos psicológicos de Inteligencia Emocional (IE), Habilidades Sociales (HS) e Inteligencia (G), son cada vez más demandados en el ambiente organizacional, a pesar de la escasez de investigaciones científicas empíricas sobre dichas variables en el contexto del trabajo, especialmente la IE y las HS. Por ende, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo medir las variables mencionadas en profesionales de diferentes áreas y en cargos de liderazgo en el contexto organizacional. Participaron 120 personas de cuatro grandes áreas de la organización, incluyendo líderes y no líderes. Los principales resultados señalaron que no hay diferencia entre las áreas para la IE, con puntuaciones de la IE de los líderes menores que las de los liderados, y ninguna diferencia en la puntuación general para G y para las HS entre los líderes y los no líderes. A partir de los resultados, se discutió sobre la conducción de los actuales procesos de selección y los criterios de promoción en las organizaciones. (AU)

Age Diversity Management in Organizations Scale: development and evidence of validity / Escala Gestão da Diversidade Etária nas Organizações: desenvolvimento e evidências de validade / Escala Gestión de la Diversidad de Edades en las Organizaciones: desarrollo y evidencias de validez

This study aimed to develop the Age Diversity Management in Organizations scale for the Brazilian context and verify its evidence of validity. The process included five steps: proposal of its definition and development of the items according to the literature; content and semantic validity by judges; semantic validity by the target population; exploratory factorial analysis (EFA); and confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA). The EFA sample consisted of 674 workers from different organizations and the CFA of 722 workers. The final version of the scale was composed of 20 items (α =.91), divided into four factors: retirement preparation practices (5 items, α =.93); equal treatment for workers of different ages (6 items, a=.85), training to promote age diversity (5 items, α =.81), and management practices for older workers (4 items, α =.72). The theoretical and practical implications as well as the limitations of this measure are discussed. (AU)

Este estudo objetivou desenvolver e identificar os indícios de validade da escala Gestão da Diversidade Etária nas Organizações (GeDEO) para o contexto brasileiro. Esse processo incluiu cinco etapas: proposição do conceito e redação dos itens à luz da literatura; validade de conteúdo e semântica por juízes; validação semântica pelo público-alvo; análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) e análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC). A amostra da AFE foi composta por 674 trabalhadores de diversas organizações e, a da AFC, por 722. A versão final possui 20 itens (α = 0,91), com quatro fatores: práticas de preparação para aposentadoria (5 itens, α = 0,93); tratamento equânime a trabalhadores de diferentes idades (6 itens, α = 0,85); treinamento para promoção da diversidade etária (5 itens, α = 0,81) e práticas de gestão de pessoas a trabalhadores mais velhos (4 itens, α = 0,72). As implicações teórico-práticas e as limitações desta medida são discutidas. (AU)

El objetivo fue desarrollar e identificar las evidencias de validez de la escala de Gestión de la Diversidad de Edades en las Organizaciones para el contexto brasileño. Este proceso incluyó cinco pasos: propuesta del concepto y desarrollo de los ítems; validez de contenido y semántica por los jueces; validez semántica por parte de la población objetivo; análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC). La muestra de AFE consistió en 674 trabajadores de diferentes organizaciones, y la de AFC, en 722. La versión final contiene 20 ítems (α = 0,91), divididos en cuatro factores: prácticas de preparación para la jubilación (5 ítems, α = 0,93); igualdad de trato pata los trabajadores de diferentes edades (6 ítems, α = 0,85), capacitación para promover la diversidad de edades (5 ítems, α = 0,81) y prácticas de gestión para trabajadores mayores (4 ítems, α = 0,72). Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas, así como las limitaciones de esta medida. (AU)

Physical exertion at work and addictive behaviors: tobacco, cannabis, alcohol, sugar and fat consumption: longitudinal analyses in the CONSTANCES cohort.

We examined the prospective association of physical exertion at work with subsequent tobacco, cannabis, alcohol use, and sugar and fat consumption. Volunteers of the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort currently employed were included from 2012 to 2017 for tobacco and cannabis outcomes (n = 100,612), and from 2012 to 2016 for alcohol and sugar and fat outcomes (n = 75,414). High level of physical exertion at work was defined as a score ≥ 12 at the Rating Perceived Exertion Borg scale. Substance use was self-reported and diet rich in sugar and fat was obtained from principal component analysis and analyzed as quartiles. Generalized linear models computed odds of substance use and sugar and fat consumption at follow-up according to baseline physical exertion at work, while adjusting for sociodemographic factors, depressive symptoms and baseline level of consumption. High physical exertion was associated with tobacco use with dose-dependent relationships. It was also associated with increased odds of cannabis use at least once per month compared to no use in the past and with increased odds of diet rich in sugar and fat. Hence, the role of physical exertion at work on tobacco and cannabis use and diet rich in sugar and fat should be tackled for information and prevention strategies.

Validation of the Job Crafting Scale in Latin American Workers

En este estudio, se analizaron las propiedades psicométricas de la versión en español (Bakker et al., 2018) de la escala Job Crafting de Tims et al. (2012) en población latinoamericana. Aplicamos la escala a una muestra de 903 empleados (42.6% mujeres y 57.4% hombres) de Colombia y Ecuador. Se examinaron la fiabilidad y la validez. Los resultados del análisis factorial confirmatorio mostraron un ajuste adecuado tanto en Colombia (CFI = .916, TLI = .900, IFI = .917, RMSEA = .060) como en Ecuador (CFI = .918, TLI = .903, IFI = .919, RMSEA = .064), en la estructura de cuatro factores de la escala original. Se encontró evidencia de validación, relacionada con el criterio de bienestar psicológico, para las dimensiones de recursos estructurales crecientes y demandas desafiantes crecientes. La versión en español de la escala demuestra su utilidad para la investigación en el contexto latinoamericano.(AU)

In this study, the psychometric properties of the Spanish version (Bakker et al., 2018) of the Job Crafting scale of Tims et al. (2012), was an-alyzed in a Latin American population. We applied the scale to a sample of 903 employees (42.6% women & 57.4% men) from Colombia and Ecua-dor. Reliability and validity were examined. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate fit both in Colombia (CFI = .916, TLI = .900, IFI = .917, RMSEA = .060) and in Ecuador (CFI = .918, TLI = .903, IFI = .919, RMSEA = .064), in the four-factor structure of the origi-nal scale. Evidence of validation, related to criterion for psychological well-being for the dimensions of increasing structural resources and increasing challenging demands, was found. The Spanish version of the scale demon-strates its usefulness for research in the Latin American context.(AU)

Work characteristics and occupational health: validation and proposalof a shortened version of the Work Design Questionnaire

El interés por el estudio de las características del trabajo para explicar cómo la relación de un individuo con el entorno laboral puede conducir a respuestas desadaptativas ha cobrado una importancia renovada a la luz de la creciente preocupación por el desarrollo de organizaciones saludables y por la diversidad organizacional. Este estudio tiene como objetivo desarrollar una versión abreviada del Work Design Questionnaire (WDQ) con el fin de facilitar su uso e interpretación en este contexto. Las propiedades psicométricas de este cuestionario reducido se probaron en una muestra multisectorial de trabajadores en España. Para ello, aplicamos el cuestionario a una muestra de 500 trabajadores y analizamos la relación entre las carácterísiticas del trabajo y las variables seleccionadas de salud ocupacional (satisfacción, bienestar y agotamiento emocional). Los resultados mostraron una fiabilidad y una validez orientada al criterio adecuadas para la versión abreviada del WDQ, esto es, el WDQ18-S, así como evidencia de invarianza factorial de género. Posteriormente se discuten los resultados y sus implicaciones para el uso del WDQ en el ámbito aplicado e investigador de la salud ocupacional y la prevención de riesgos laborales.(AU)

Interest in the study of work characteristics to explain how an individual's relationship with the work environment can lead to maladap-tive responses has taken on renewed importance in the light of increasing concern for the development of healthy organizations and organizational diversity. This study aims to develop a shortened version of the Work De-sign Questionnaire (WDQ) with a view to facilitating its use and interpreta-tion. The psychometric properties of this shorter questionnaire were tested in a multi-sectoral sample of workers in Spain, with due consideration giv-en to the gender measurementinvariance. For this purpose, we applied the questionnaire to a sample of 500 workers and analyzed the relationship be-tween the answers provided to WDQ and specific occupational health var-iables (satisfaction, well-being and emotional exhaustion). Results showed adequate reliability and criterion-oriented validity for the shortened version of the WDQ, that is, the WDQ18-S, as well as evidence of factorial invari-ance across gender. We then discuss the results and their implications for the application of theWDQ in further research and the field of occupa-tional health and psychosocial risks prevention.(AU)